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八年级下册英语知识(合集7篇)

时间:2022-03-25 19:55:42
八年级下册英语知识

八年级下册英语知识第1篇

1.If引导的条件状语从句:1)构成:if引导的条件状语从句表示“如果…”。构成形式为“主句+一般将来时时态+if从句+一般现在时态”,或“If从句+一般现在时态,主句+一般将来时态”。2)用法:表示假设或条件

2.half 与half of的用法:1)half the class中的“half”为形容词,意思“一半的,半个的”2) “half of+代词/the+名词”中的half为名词,意思为“一半,半个”。当该结构在句子作主语时,谓语动词必须和该词组中的代词或名词保持数的一致。即当代词或名词为单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;若所接名词或代词为复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。

3. all the time与always: all the time是个副词性的短语,意思为“一直”“始终”,表示某一特定阶段开始一直到结束,不表示频度,多置于句末。除此,all the time还有“不断”的意思;always为表示频度的副词,意思为“总是”,表示动作的反复,状态的继续,中间没有间断,其反义词为never。它与进行时态连用时,常翻译成“总是”,“老是”,带有赞美,厌烦,不满等感情色彩。

4.Enough的用法:1)enough to do sth表示“足够…可以做…”2)enough也可以用“for+宾语+to do sth的结构”3)enough修饰名词时前面不用冠词4)当主语是代词时,enough可以作表语。当主语是名词时,enough不能做表语。

5.Choose的用法:1)choose+名词 意思为“选择…”;2)choose+between/from从…中选择;3)choose to do选择做某事

6.Exercise的用法:1)运动,锻炼,是不可数名词2)体操,练习,是可数名词。3)动词,使….运动

八年级下册英语知识第2篇

重点归纳

话题Make requests

功能项目Apologize

词汇mind 介意 not at all一点也不 turn down调低 yard院子 dish盘堞 brought bring 的过去式 line排;队 polite有理貌的 perhaps或许;大概 door门 voice声音 return归还;返回 term 术语Asian亚洲的;亚洲人的 Europe欧洲 impolite无礼的;粗鲁的 allow允许;承认 public公众 cough 咳嗽smoke抽烟,吸烟drop扔;丢 litter垃圾 pick…up 捡起 behavior 行为;举止 solution解答;解决办法 annoyed恼怒的;生气的 clothing衣服 normal正常的;正规的 etiquette礼节 sneeze打喷嚏;表现 politely客气的;斯文的 cigarette香烟;卷烟;纸烟 criticize

批判 careful 小心;当心

短语right away立刻;马上 at a meeting在开会 cut in line插队 the way to place 去…的路 spend sth. Onin doing sth.花费9时间(金钱)去做某事 not at all 根本不,一点也不 in a minute立刻;马上 no problem 没问题 get annoyed变得气恼 be good for 对…有益

句型--Would you mind moving your bike ?

---Not at all .I’ll do it right away.

---Could you please take out the trash ?

---Sorry ,I’ll do it right away.

语法要点 学会提出请求

would you mind + 动名词结构

would you mind cleaningyour room ?

would you mind not playing basketball here?

Would you mind moving your car?

学习表示歉意

I’m sorry ,I’ll do it right away

Sorry, we’ll go and play in the park .

No,not at all .

基本用法:1)Would you mind doing?=Do you mind doing..?“你介意…?” “请你…好不好?”是一种比较客气的表达方式。

2)如果要表示“请你不要做…好吗?”只需在doing 前面加not.应答用语:

1)如果同意表示不介意时,可用如下用语来表达:Certainly not.; Of course not.;No,not at all.;Not at all.“好,可以”

2)如果不同意表示介意时,常用“Sorry.”“I’m sorry, but…”及陈述某种理由来表示拒绝或反对。;这一句型中的逻辑主语只能是谈话的对方you,如果想要对方允许自己做某事,可以用 “Would you mind my doing..?句型。

形容词与副词之间的转化:1)以le结尾去e变y,possiblepossibly;2)在形容词后直接加ly,usualusually;3)在以辅音字母+e结尾直接加ly,widewidely;4)以元音字母+e结尾,去e加ly,truetruly;5)以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i+ly,happyhappily

put on, wear, dress,have on, in: put on强调动作过程“穿上”为瞬间动词;wear表示结果或状态“穿着”,持续动词;dress强调穿的动作,后面不能跟宾语(衣服)等,还可以作名词,意思是“服装”,dress up化装,dress oneself 给某人穿衣服,dress in穿衣服,have on表示“穿…”,相当于wear,但没有进行时态;in介词,后跟表示颜色的名词,表示穿着某种颜色的衣服。

in a minute, soon等多用于将来时,表示即将去做某事

in+时间段,after+时间段:1)“in+时间段”只能用于一般将来时,“after+时间段”可以用于过去时和将来时2)当二者都用于将来时的时候“in+时间段”表示从现在算起在一定时间内,动作将在未来一周之内的某一个具体时间内发生。“after+时间段”是从这段时间之后算起,动作将在这段时间之后发生。

very, too, so, quite以上几个副词均修饰形容词,副词表示程度,“很,太,非常”;very应用最普遍“很”,只是一个表示程度的副词,它表示的程度比quite要强得多,very只用来修饰形容词和副词的原级;too“太”,一般表示“相对某人而言”;so“如此…,那么…”,往往表明某一事物的程度时,会引起另一种后果。换言之,so所修饰的人或物表示原因后面会有表示结果的句子。So…that…如此…以致于;quite既可以表示充分肯定,意思是 “完全;十分”,也可以表示程度,意思是“完全,十分”,也可以表示程度,意思是“相当”,quite可修饰动词,v.ing,形容词,副词,分词等。quite a +adj+n. a very+adj.+n

move from…to …从…搬到…,迁移;move on继续向前走

yet, already,still:yet用于疑问句中,意为“现在,已经”;用于否定句中,意为“还没”;already与still用于肯定句中,already意为“已经”,still意为“还,仍然”,already若用于疑问句中,表示惊讶或意外;yet与still都可以修饰比较级,意为“更加,益发”。

put away收好,储蓄,放弃;put down放下,扑灭,写下;put…into…把…翻译成…;put off延期;put up举起,张贴,修建;put on穿上,上演

See的用法:1)see+从句,意为“看到…,留意…”如,I saw that you weren’t among the students.2)see sb do sth.看到某人做某事;see sb doing看到某人正在做某事;see+名词 看到

八年级下册英语知识第3篇

【重点短语】

1. fewer people 更少的人(fewer修饰名词复数,表示否定)

2. less free time 更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词,表示否定)

3. in ten years 10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时,提问用How soon)

4. fall in love with… 爱上…

例:When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once

当我第一次见到许老师,我立刻爱上他

5. live alone 单独居住

6. feel lonely 感到孤独(比较:live alone/go along等)

The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走,但她并不感到孤独

7. keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪

8. fly to the moon 飞上月球

9. hundreds of +复数 数百/几百(概数,类似还有thousands of; millions of)

10. the same as 和……相同

11. A be different from B A与B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)

12. wake up 醒来(wake sb. up表示 “唤醒某人”

13. get bored 变得厌倦(get/become是连系动词,后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等)

14. go skating 去滑冰(类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等)

15. lots of/a lot of 许多(修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以)

16. at the weekends 在周末

17. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习

18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见)

19. I don’t agree. = I disagree. 我不同意

20. on a piece of paper 在一张纸上(注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词)

21. on vacation 度假

22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事

23. many different kinds of goldfish 许多不同种金鱼

24. live in an apartment 住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor 住在12楼

25. live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332号

26. as a reporter 作为一名记者

27. look smart 显得精神/看起来聪明

28. Are you kidding? 你在骗我吗

29. in the future 在将来/在未来

30. no more=not …anymore 不再(强调多次发生的动作不再发生)I’ll go there no more.

31. no longer=not… any longer 不再(强调状态不再发生)

32. besides(除…之外还,包括)与except …but(除…之外,不包括)

33. be able to与can 能、会

l (be able to用于各种时态,而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中;have to用于各种时态,而must只能用于一般现在时态)例如:

1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. (不可以用can)

2. had to stay at home/ will have to (不可以用must)

34.be big and crowded 大而且拥挤

34. be in college 在上大学

35. live on a space station 住在空间站

36. dress casually 穿得很随意casual clothing 休闲服饰

37. win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯 win award 获僵

38. come true 变成现实

39. take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间

40. be fun to watch 看起来有趣

41. over and over again 一次又一次

42. be in different shapes 形状不同

43. twenty years from now 今后20年【本单元目标句型】

1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?

2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.

l fewer; less表示否定之意,分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词;more二者都可以修饰。

3. Will kids go to school? No, they won’t/Yes, they will。

4. Predicting the future can be difficult.

5. I need to look smart for my job interview.

6. I will be able to dress more casually.

7. I think I’ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.

8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?

9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.

【知识归纳】

形容词,副词的比较等级考查热点透视:

a)表示A与B在程度上相同b)时,c) “as+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。表示A不d)如B时,e)可用“not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。

f)表示A比B在程度上“更…..”时,g)可用“形容词或副词的比较级+than”结构

h)表示三者或三者以上的比较,i)其中一个在程度上“最…..”时,j)常用“the+形容词或副词的级”结构,k)后面可带“of/in的短语”来说明比较的范围。(注意:副词的级在句中常省略“the”.)

l)在形容词或副词的比较级前,m)可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等词语来修饰,n)以加强语气。

o)表示“越来越….”时,p)常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+形容词或副词的比较级”结构,q)但要注意,r)对于多音节和部分双音节形容词,s)副词而t)言,u)若要表达此意时,v)要用“more and more+形容词或副词的原级“结构。

w)在表示“其中最….之一“的含义时,x)常使用 “one of+the+形容词级形式+名y)词复z)数”结构,aa)其中的定冠词the不bb)可以省略。

cc)如果强调“两者中比较…的(一个)”的意思时,dd)可使用“the+形容词比较级+其它”结构。

ee)表示“越….越….”, 可使用“the+形容词或副词的比较级,ff)the+形容词或副词的比较级”结构。

2 .一般将来时

一般将来时的构成:由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成,shall用于第一人称。在口语中,will在名词或代词后常简略为’ll, will not常简略为won’t。这个时态的肯定,否定和疑问结构可表示如下:

肯定句否定句疑问句

I (We)shall(will) go.

You(He, She, They) will go.I(We)shall(will) not go.

You(He, She, They)will not go.Shall I(we) go?

Will you (he, she, they) go?

用”be going to +动词原形”也可表示将来时,表示将要发生的事,打算或决定要做的事。

b)一般将来时的用法:1)表示将要发生的动作或情况;2) 不以人的意志为转移,肯定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是国庆日。

3. in/after:in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”,句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态;after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”,所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后,或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时,它可以与将来时态连用。

4.more, less, fewer的用法区别:more为many, much的比较级,意为“更多”,可修饰可数与不可数名词。Less是little的比较级,意为“更好,较少”,修饰不可数名词。Fewer是few的比较级,意为“更少”,修饰可数名词复数。

【注意】few, little表示否定“几乎没有”。a few, a little表示肯定“一点,几个”。

5.would like sth意思为“想要某物“; would like to do意思为”想要做某事“。回答would like句型的一般疑问句时,其肯定回答为 “Yes, please.”;否定回答“No, thanks”或 “I’d like /love to, but….”

6. Such作形容词,意思是“如此的”“这样的”,修饰各种名词。

Such这样的。如It is such bad weather.天气如此恶劣。

Such常和as搭配,表示一种类别。如We enjoy such a voice as hers.我们喜欢象她那样的嗓子。

Such常和表示结果的that从句搭配,表示“如此….以至于…”如

It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.

Such…that…和so…that…都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。由于such是形容词,所以that从句前有一个受such修饰的名词;而so 是副词,用以修饰形容词或副词,因此that从句前一般不出现名词。如

They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.

The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.

如果名词是可数名词的单数形式,such和so的位置不同:

such+a/an+形容词+单数名词

so+形容词+a/an+单数名词

如果名词是不可数名词或名词复数,只可用such,不能用so.:

such+形容词+不可数名词或复数名词

如果被修饰的不可数名词被much, little, 或复数名词被many, few等表示量的形容词修饰时,用so,不用such.

当little表示“年纪小的”时,可用such+little+名词。

7.be able to 为“能,会”,表示能力,在这个意义上与can的意思相同,一般情况下两者可以互换,但can只有现在式和过去式(could)而be able to则用于更多的时态,主要体现在be的变化。

两者在用法上有一些差异:can (could)表示主观能力不表示意愿,它的将来时用will be able to而 be able to表示主观意愿强调克服困难做某事。【重点语法】

一般将来时

表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词:

1.含tomorrow; next短语; 2.in+段时间 ; 3.how soon;

4.by+将来时间; 5.by the time sb.do… 6.祈使句句型中:or/and sb. will do

例Be quick, or you will be late=If you don’t be quick, you will be late

7.在时间/条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时 8.another day

比较be going to 与will:

be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。

如: He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.

2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。

He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.

3. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思,而 will 则没有这个意思,如:

She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.

4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如:

If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.

掌握了它们的这些不同,你就能很好的区分be going to与will了。

be going to do (动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain.

will do 结构表示将来的用法:

1. 表示预见

Do you think it will rain?

You will feel better after a good rest.

2. 表示意图

I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.

What will she do tomorrow?

基本构成如下:

一般疑问句构成:

(1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?

(2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …?

Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t

否定句构成:will + not (won’t)+do

Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday.

特殊疑问句构成:

特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday?

根据例句,用will改写下列各句

例:I don’t feel well today. (be better tomorrow) I’ll be better tomorrow.

1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight)

_____________________________

2. I’m tired now. (sleep later)

_____________________________

3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon)

_____________________________

4. We can’t leave right now. (leave a little later)

_____________________________

5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow)

_____________________________

答案:1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. I’ll sleep later. 3. They’ll buy one soon.

八年级下册英语知识第4篇

知识点:1.If引导的条件状语从句:1)构成:if引导的条件状语从句表示“如果…”。构成形式为“主句+一般将来时时态+if从句+一般现在时态”,或“If从句+一般现在时态,主句+一般将来时态”。2)用法:表示假设或条件2.half 与half of的用法:1)half the class中的“half”为形容词,意思“一半的,半个的”2) “half of+代词/the+名词”中的half为名词,意思为“一半,半个”。当该结构在句子作主语时,谓语动词必须和该词组中的代词或名词保持数的一致。即当代词或名词为单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;若所接名词或代词为复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。3. all the time与always: all the time是个副词性的短语,意思为“一直”“始终”,表示某一特定阶段开始一直到结束,不表示频度,多置于句末。除此,all the time还有“不断”的意思;always为表示频度的副词,意思为“总是”,表示动作的反复,状态的继续,中间没有间断,其反义词为never。它与进行时态连用时,常翻译成“总是”,“老是”,带有赞美,厌烦,不满等感情色彩。4.Enough的用法:1)enough to do sth表示“足够…可以做…”2)enough也可以用“for+宾语+to do sth的结构”3)enough修饰名词时前面不用冠词4)当主语是代词时,enough可以作表语。当主语是名词时,enough不能做表语。5.Choose的用法:1)choose+名词 意思为“选择…”;2)choose+between/from从…中选择;3)choose to do选择做某事6.Exercise的用法:1)运动,锻炼,是不可数名词2)体操,练习,是可数名词。3)动词,使….运动7.wear, put on, have on, dress: wear“穿着”“戴着”,表示状态,是延续性动词,一般现在时表示经常状态,现在进行时表示暂时状态;put on“穿上”“戴上”,表示动作,是非延续性动词;have on“穿着”“戴着”,表示状态可以与wear互换;dress“穿上”“穿着”,既表示状态,也表示动作,既可以作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词。Dress作及物动词,表示“给自己或别人穿(衣服)”,宾语是人,常用被动语态。dress oneself给。。穿衣服。dress up化装8.a lot, a lot of与lots of三者都有“许多,很多”的意思。a lot of, lots of一般用于肯定句,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词;a lot作名词时=a lot of thins,作副词,修饰动词或形容词,副词比较级。基础达标Ⅰ. 仔细阅读对话,选择恰当的答语。1. If I see him again, I ________ (tell) him what you said.2. What _________ (happen) if they don’t agree with each other?3. If you give me time, I ________ (find) the solution.4. What will he say if he ever ________ (discover) the truth?5. If the train ________ (be) on time, it will be here in ten minutes.Ⅱ. 连接句子。(  ) 1. … get a speeding ticket.(  ) 2. …have to leave the room.(  ) 3. …look like a rock star.(  ) 4. …feel sorry.(  ) 5. …pass the examination.(a) If your dad drives too fast, he’ll…(b) If you don't come to the party today, you’ll…(c) When you study hard, you can…(d) If you chew gum in class, you’ll…(e) When you dye your hair green, you…Ⅲ. 用括号内所给动词的正确时态填空。1. I’m afraid I ____________ (get) a cold tomorrow.2. There ____________ (be) a film tomorrow morning.3. Look! The children ____________ (swim) in the river.4. --- What time ____________ she ____________ (leave) home every day?--- At 8 o’clock.5. We hear he ____________ (return) next month.

八年级下册英语知识第5篇

【导语】下面是

Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、基础知识 1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了? 【解析】matter/ ' mætə(r)) /n.问题;事情 What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了? 【注】: matter 和trouble 为名词, 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词,wrong 是adj. 不能加the 【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时, 与介词with连用。即: What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.? — What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold. 2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼,肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼 3. 身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词 stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛 4. much too+ 形容词,意为 太...... ,too much+名词,意为 很多,大量 。 5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地,enough放在名前后,形副后。good enough足够好,enough money=much money 6. lie down躺下, lie 躺,躺着,过去式lay;lie说谎,过去式lied 7. maybe “或许”,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。Maybe you are right. may be,是情态动词+be的结构,意为“可能,也许”,后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry. sound like+名词代词和从句:It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词,“听起来,好像”,The music sounds nice. 9. need 需要,实义动词need+名词,需要某物; need to do sth.需要做某事,主语通常是人,表示人主动的动作:You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth.主语通常是物,表示被动的动作:Your dirty clothes need washing. 10. get off (the bus) 下(公交车) get on 上车 11. agree 同意,赞同; agree with sth. 同意某事 如:I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如:I agree to LiLei. 12. trouble问题,麻烦 ;be in trouble遇到麻烦,make trouble 制造麻烦 ,have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻烦。 13. right away=right now=at once,意为 马上 。 14. advice [不可数名词]劝告,建议,向…征求意见, give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议; advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise sb. doing sth. 【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼 当exercise意为“练习”时,为可数名词 即可加s 当exercise意为“锻炼”时,为不可数名词 即不加s 16. hurt 及物动词,使……疼痛,……受伤,He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物动词,……(部位)疼。 His leg hurt badly. clean 【动词】打扫,clean the classroom打扫教室,【形容词】 干净的 ,cleaner意为 清洁工 。 18. hit (用手或器具)打;击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone. hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背,on用在所打较硬的部位; hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子,in用在所打较软的部位。 be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事,强调状态;His grandpa was used to country life. Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning. get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯,逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作: It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit. 20. 【复习】free [形容词]空闲的free time;免费的the drink is for free;自由的I want to become a free bird. free【动词】使……解脱,得到自由:He could not free his arm. run out用完,用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。 人sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night. 22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 23. the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要(性), important adj.重要的,unimportant adj.不重要的 decision 【名词】决定;抉择; make a decision 做决定 ; make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。 25. be in the control of …掌管,管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control无法控制,无法管理 be under control被控制住,在控制之中 26. 【复习】mind意为 介意 ,mind doing sth. 介意做某事 , Would you mind my opening the window? 27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事,give up (playing) computer games; give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式,也可不接,如: Never give up easily. 二、重点语法 【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。 数 人称第一人称第二人称第三人称 单数myselfyourselfhimself herself itself 复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves 【用法】 1. 可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 如:Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well. 2. 可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如: She isn’t quite herself today. 3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。 如:She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week. 4. 用在某些固定短语当中。 look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快 help oneself to sth 请自用……(随便吃/喝些……). hurt oneself摔伤自己 say to oneself自言自语 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西 introduce oneself 介绍……自己

八年级下册英语知识第6篇

Unit 1 What’s the matter?一、基础知识1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?【解析】matter/ ' mætə(r)) /n.问题;事情 What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了?【注】: matter 和trouble 为名词, 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词,wrong 是adj. 不能加the【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时, 与介词with连用。即: What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼,肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼3. 身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛4. much too+ 形容词,意为 太...... ,too much+名词,意为 很多,大量 。5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地,enough放在名前后,形副后。good enough足够好,enough money=much money6. lie down躺下, lie 躺,躺着,过去式lay;lie说谎,过去式lied7. maybe “或许”,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be,是情态动词+be的结构,意为“可能,也许”,后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.sound like+名词代词和从句:It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词,“听起来,好像”,The music sounds nice.9. need 需要,实义动词need+名词,需要某物; need to do sth.需要做某事,主语通常是人,表示人主动的动作:You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth.主语通常是物,表示被动的动作:Your dirty clothes need washing.10. get off (the bus) 下(公交车) get on 上车11. agree 同意,赞同; agree with sth. 同意某事 如:I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如:I agree to LiLei.12. trouble问题,麻烦 ;be in trouble遇到麻烦,make trouble 制造麻烦 ,have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻烦。 13. right away=right now=at once,意为 马上 。14. advice [不可数名词]劝告,建议,向…征求意见, give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议; advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise sb. doing sth.【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼当exercise意为“练习”时,为可数名词 即可加s当exercise意为“锻炼”时,为不可数名词 即不加s16. hurt 及物动词,使……疼痛,……受伤,He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物动词,……(部位)疼。 His leg hurt badly.clean 【动词】打扫,clean the classroom打扫教室,【形容词】 干净的 ,cleaner意为 清洁工 。18. hit (用手或器具)打;击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone. hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背,on用在所打较硬的部位; hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子,in用在所打较软的部位。 be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事,强调状态;His grandpa was used to country life. Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning. get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯,逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作: It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.20. 【复习】free [形容词]空闲的free time;免费的the drink is for free;自由的I want to become a free bird. free【动词】使……解脱,得到自由:He could not free his arm.run out用完,用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。 人sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 23. the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要(性), important adj.重要的,unimportant adj.不重要的decision 【名词】决定;抉择; make a decision 做决定 ;make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。25. be in the control of …掌管,管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control无法控制,无法管理 be under control被控制住,在控制之中26. 【复习】mind意为 介意 ,mind doing sth. 介意做某事 , Would you mind my opening the window?27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事,give up (playing) computer games;give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式,也可不接,如: Never give up easily.二、重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数 myself yourself himself herself itself复数 ourselves yourselves themselves【用法】1. 可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 如:Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well. 2. 可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如: She isn’t quite herself today. 3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。如:She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week. 4. 用在某些固定短语当中。 look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快 help oneself to sth 请自用……(随便吃/喝些……). hurt oneself摔伤自己 say to oneself自言自语 leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西 introduce oneself 介绍……自己 【提醒】1. 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用。 如:我自己能完成作业。(误)Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”,因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时,须要用one’s own. 如:我用我自己的蜡笔画画。(误)I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.

八年级下册英语知识第7篇

1.If引导的条件状语从句:1)构成:if引导的条件状语从句表示“如果…”。构成形式为“主句+一般将来时时态+if从句+一般现在时态”,或“If从句+一般现在时态,主句+一般将来时态”。2)用法:表示假设或条件

2.half 与half of的用法:1)half the class中的“half”为形容词,意思“一半的,半个的”2) “half of+代词/the+名词”中的half为名词,意思为“一半,半个”。当该结构在句子作主语时,谓语动词必须和该词组中的代词或名词保持数的一致。即当代词或名词为单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;若所接名词或代词为复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。

3. all the time与always: all the time是个副词性的短语,意思为“一直”“始终”,表示某一特定阶段开始一直到结束,不表示频度,多置于句末。除此,all the time还有“不断”的意思;always为表示频度的副词,意思为“总是”,表示动作的反复,状态的继续,中间没有间断,其反义词为never。它与进行时态连用时,常翻译成“总是”,“老是”,带有赞美,厌烦,不满等感情色彩。

4.Enough的用法:1)enough to do sth表示“足够…可以做…”2)enough也可以用“for+宾语+to do sth的结构”3)enough修饰名词时前面不用冠词4)当主语是代词时,enough可以作表语。当主语是名词时,enough不能做表语。

5.Choose的用法:1)choose+名词 意思为“选择…”;2)choose+between/from从…中选择;3)choose to do选择做某事

6.Exercise的用法:1)运动,锻炼,是不可数名词2)体操,练习,是可数名词。3)动词,使….运动